While his efforts as a teacher were noted in various publications, they generally focused on his personality captured within his own art rather than his classroom practices.
Kokoschka taught in Vienna from 1911 to 1913 and then again in Dresden from 1919 to 1923. From Comenius’s theories, Kokoschka adopted the belief that students benefit most from using their five senses to facilitate reasoning.
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17th-century Czech humanist and education reformer, Jan Amos Comenius, was Kokoschka’s primary influence in terms of how to approach education. His early career was marked by portraits of Viennese celebrities, painted in a nervously animated style.įollowing his own artistic training, Kokoschka dedicated years of his life thereafter teaching art and writing articles and speeches documenting his views and practices as an educator. Later, Kokoschka said that this exercise provided "the basis of artistic training". Kokoschka's first commissions were postcards and drawings for children. The teachers at the Kunstgewerbeschule helped Kokoschka gain opportunities through the Wiener Werkstätte or Viennese Workshops. Kokoschka had no formal training in painting and so approached the medium without regard to the "traditional" or "correct" way to paint. Kokoschka studied there from 1904 to 1909 and was influenced by his teacher Carl Otto Czeschka in developing an original style.Īmong Kokoschka's early works were gesture drawings of children, which portrayed them as awkward and corpse-like. Unlike the more prestigious and traditional Academy of Fine Arts Vienna, the Kunstgewerbeschule was dominated by instructors of the Vienna Secession. The Vienna Kunstgewerbeschule was a progressive school of applied arts that focused mainly on architecture, furniture, crafts, and modern design. He received a scholarship and was one of few applicants to be accepted. Against his father's will, Kokoschka applied to the Kunstgewerbeschule in Vienna, now the University of Applied Arts Vienna. One of Kokoschka's teachers suggested he pursue a career in the fine arts after being impressed by some of his drawings. Like many of Kokoschka's French and German contemporaries, he was interested in the primitive and exotic art featured in the ethnographical exhibits around Europe. Despite his intent of continuing a formal education in chemistry, Kokoschka was not interested in such subjects, as he only excelled in art, and spent most of his time reading classic literature during his lessons. Kokoschka entered a Realschule in 1897, a type of secondary school, where emphasis was placed on the study of modern subjects such as the sciences and language. Concluding that his father was inadequate, Kokoschka drew closer to his mother and seeing himself as the head of the household, he continued to support his family when he gained financial independence. They constantly moved into smaller flats, farther and farther from the thriving centre of the town. The family's life was not easy, largely due to a lack of financial stability of his father. Oskar had a strong belief in omens, spurred by a story of a fire breaking out in Pöchlarn shortly after his mother gave birth to him. He had a sister, Berta, born in 1889 a brother, Bohuslav, born in 1892 and an elder brother who died in infancy. The second child of Gustav Josef Kokoschka, a Bohemian goldsmith, and Maria Romana Kokoschka (née Loidl), Oskar Kokoschka was born in Pöchlarn. The house in which Oskar Kokoschka was born in Pöchlarn (August 2006)
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